Filu (bioluggìa)

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Nu filu (plurali: fila) è nu taxon usatu ntâ classificazzioni scintìfica pi tutti li cosi viventi. La palora latina Phyla veni dû grecu phylai chi foru li gruppi di pirsuni chi vutàvanu ntê stati dâ Grecia antica. Li fila rapprisèntanu li cchiù granni gruppi d'armali e autri cosi viventi chi pussèdinu certi carattiristichi biològgichi. A li voti li fila vennu divisi ntra suprafila.

Li fila cchiù canusciuti sunnu Mollusca, Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Artropoda, Echinodermata, Chordata; l'umani s'appartennu cu st'ùrtimu.

Oi lu sistema dî tri duminî veni usatu largamenti e chissu agghiunci lu liveddu di Duminiu supra Regnu comu ddu liveddu cchiù autu.


Ìndici

Lista dî fila di l'armali

Filu Significatu Nomu cumuni Carattirìstichi distinti Speci discritti
Acanthocephala Testa spinusa Vermi câ testa spinusa Spinusu proboscis circa 1.150
Acoelomorpha Senza stòmacu — Cci nni màncanu la vucca
Annelida Aneddu nicu Vermi sigmintati Tanti segghimenti cìrculi circa 15.000
Arthropoda pedi junciutu Taràntuli e nzetti esschèlitru 1.134.000+
Brachiopoda Vrazzu pedi Lamp shells Lophophore e pedicle tra 300 e 500
Bryozoa Armali di lippu Armali di lippu Nuddu pidicuddu, granfi di purpu circa 5.000 speci viventi
Chaetognatha Jancularu chî capiddi longhi Vermi di fileccia Spini ogni latu dâ testa circa 100 speci viventi
Chordata Corda Curdati Corda càfura chî nervi 63,000+
Cnidaria Ardìcula spinusa cèlluli puncenti circa 10.000
Ctenophora chi porta nu pèttini Mucciu di pèttini Ottu strisci di cilia circa 100 speci viventi
Cycliophora chi porta na rota Symbion Vucca cìrcula armenu 3
Echinodermata Pedda spinusa — spini caucificati circa 7.000 speci viventi 13,000 estinti
Echiura Cuda spinusa Vermi di cucchiara Àmmuri circa 140
Entoprocta Dintra anus Vermu di caliciu Anus dintra circa 150
Gastrotricha Hair stomach Meiofauna Two terminal adhesive tubes about 450
Gnathostomulida Jaw orifice Jaw worms
Hemichordata Half cord Acorn worms Stomochord in collar about 100 living species
Kinorhyncha Motion snout Mud dragons Eleven segments, each with a dorsal plate about 150
Loricifera Corset bearer Brush heads Umbrella-like scales at each end about 21
Micrognathozoa Tiny jaw animals — Accordion like extensible thorax 1
Mollusca Thin shell Mollusks / molluscs Muscular foot and mantle round shell about 70,000 [1]
Myxozoa Slime animals — Polar capsules resembling nematocysts at least 12,000
Nematoda Thread like Round worms Round cross section, keratin cuticle 80 000 - 1 million
Nematomorpha Thread form Horsehair worms about 320
Nemertea A sea nymph Ribbon worms about 1200
Onychophora Claw bearer Velvet worms Legs tipped by chitinous claws about 110 modern
Orthonectida Straight swim about 20
Phoronida Zeus' mistress Horseshoe worms U-shaped gut 20
Placozoa Tubular animals 1
Platyhelminthes Flat worms Flat worms about 25,000
Porifera Pore bearer Sponges Perforated interior wall over 5,000 modern
Priapulida Penis Priapulid worms Retractable proboscis surrounded by papillae 17
Rhombozoa Lozenge animal — Single axial cell surrounded by ciliated cells 75
Rotifera Wheel bearer Rotifers Anterior crown of cilia about 2000
Sipuncula Small tube Peanut worms Mouth surrounded by invertible tentacles 144-320
Tardigrada Slow step Water bears Four segmented body and head about 750
Xenoturbellida Strange flatworm — Ciliated deuterostome 2
TOTAL 2,400,000+

List of principal protista phyla

Phylum Meaning Common name Distinguishing characteristics
Rhodophyta Red plant Red algae Algae with no cells having a flagellum
Chromista Coloured None Algae having chlorophyll
Alveolates Little hollows None Similarities within this phyla are genetic
Excavates Digging None Similarities within this phyla are genetic
Rhizaria Of roots None Amoeboids with pseudopods
Amoebozoa Changing animals Amoeboids Move by cytoplasmic flow
Choanozoa Funnel animal None Flagellum surrounded by microvilli
Many more minor phyla within protista are not listed here

Groups formerly ranked as phyla

Name as phylum Common name Current consensus
Craniata — Subgroup of phylum Chordata; perhaps synonymous with Vertebrata.
Cephalochordata Lancelets Subphylum of phylum Chordata
Cephalorhyncha — Superphylum Scalidophora.
Enterepneusta Acorn worms Class of phylum Hemichordata.
Pentastomida Tongue worms Subclass of Maxillopoda of phylum Arthropoda.
Pogonophora Beard worms Part of family Siboglinidae of phylum Annelida.
Pterobranchia — Class of phylum Hemichordata.
Symplasma Glass sponges Class Hexactinellida of phylum Porifera.
Urochordata Tunicates Subphylum of phylum Chordata.
Vestimentifera Vent worms Part of family Siboglinidae of phylum Annelida.


List of plant divisions

Division Meaning Common name Distinguishing characteristics
Anthophyta Flower plant Flowering plants Producing flowers and fruit (or close relatives)
Bryophyta Moss plants Mosses & Worts Diploid spores, no vascular system
Pteridophyta Fern plants Ferns Diploid spores and vascular system
Pinophyta Sap/pitch plants Conifers Cones containing seeds
Sphenophyta Wedge plant Horsetails Photosynthetic, hollow, jointed and ridged stems
Cycadophyta Palm plants Cycads Seeds, crown of compound leaves
Ginkgophyta Ginkgo plants Ginkgo, Maidenhair Seeds not protected by fruit (single species)
Gnetophyta Gnetophytes Seeds and woody vascular system

List of fungi divisions

Phylum Meaning Common name Distinguishing characteristics
Chytridiomycota Little pot mushroom Chytrids Cellulose in cell walls, flagellated gametes
Deuteromycota Second mushroom Imperfect fungi Only reproduce asexually
Zygomycota Yoke mushroom Zygomycetes Blend gametangia to form a zygosporangium
Glomeromycota Ball mushroom None Form arbuscular mycorrhizae with plants
Ascomycota Bag/Wineskin Mushroom Sac fungi Produce spores in an 'ascus
Basidiomycota Basidium Mushroom None Produce spores from a 'basidium'

Liami sterni

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